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EVOLUTIONARY MORPHOLOGY OF MIOCENE HOMINOIDS IN VIEW OF THE ISSUE OF ORIGIN OF BIPEDALISM IN HOMINIDS
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EVOLUTIONARY MORPHOLOGY OF MIOCENE HOMINOIDS IN VIEW OF THE ISSUE OF ORIGIN OF BIPEDALISM IN HOMINIDS
Annotation
PII
S0869-54150000525-0-1
Publication type
Article
Status
Published
Authors
Svetlana Borutzky 
Edition
Issue №5
Pages
52-63
Abstract
The development of bipedalism in ancestors of hominids served, in the course of phylogenesis of the Primates order, as a departure point for the evolution of the Homo genus. For many decades anthropologists have been discussing questions concerning the transition of the common ancestral form of African pongids and hominids to bipedal locomotion. First, the arguing starts about the time of origin and existence of such a transitional form. Second, different suggestions are put forward regarding ecological and ethological causes that might have impelled our ancestors to resort increasingly to bipedal locomotion. Still under debate is the question of what exactly that transitional form could be like in terms of locomotion and morphology. And still open is the question about the candidate for the transitional link that we are trying to define amidst the available findings of higher Miocene hominoids. It is most likely that the sought-for common form of African pongids and protohominids (Australopithecus afarensis) might have lived in Africa in the timeframe of 6-8 million years ago. Among from the findings available today, it makes sense to consider Sahelanthropus, Orrorin, and Ardipithecus as the sought-for form. By the sum of skeleton features, combination of morphological adaptations to arboreal locomotion, and ability to occasionally move on two legs, the transitional form in question must have most likely exhibited closest similarity to Ardipithecus which had lived over 5 million years ago.
Keywords
Miocene, Pliocene, Aegyptopithecus, Morotopithecus, Proconsul, Kenyapithecus, Dryopithecus, Oreopithecus, Sahelanthropus, Orrorin, Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, locomotion, orthograde, bipedalism, pronograde, semi-orthograde
Date of publication
01.10.2010
Number of purchasers
2
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503
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